TYPES OF WALLS

 TYPES OF WALLS

Walls as we all know have been the defining points of any and all kinds of structures. Walls represent the extent of any structure ( horizontally and vertically ). However, not all walls are the same. They differ based on need and use. 

So, let's look at the different types of walls:

• CAVITY WALL: As the name suggests, the wall consists of two leaves with space between them. These two leaves are joined with metal ties to make them function as one. As for the cavity, it is left free to impart insulation properties to the wall.
• CURTAIN WALL: This type of wall cannot bear the structure's load, so they are paired with vertical or horizontal members who act as load distributors. 
• LOAD BEARING WALL: This wall is designed to carry the load of the structure along with its self-weight.
• PANEL WALL: This type of wall is installed to withstand lateral loads and wind loads. Aside from that, they cannot bear the load of the structure.
• PARTITION WALL: This is an interior, non-load bearing wall which is usually one story or half story high. 
• SHEAR WALL AND CROSS WALL: This type of wall is designed to withstand only horizontal loads. The walls normal to shear walls are called Cross walls.

HOISTING EQUIPMENTS

 HOISTING EQUIPMENT AND THEIR TYPES

Hoisting refers to the operation of lifting a certain type of load. The equipment used for hoisting lift the load, keep it suspended during the transfer and place it on the required location.

TYPES OF HOISTING EQUIPMENT

• PULLEY: Pulley consists of the lifting of the load using either steel chain or rope. They are generally used for lifting heavy loads.
• CHAIN HOISTS: These can lift loads up to 50 tonnes. 
• WINCH: Winch consists of gears, clutches, and brakes, and they are used in lifting railway gates.
• CRANES: These are the most common lifting machinery, and they can lift weights up to 500 tonnes.

NEW AGE OF CONSTRUCTION AND CONCRETE BLOCKS

 CONCRETE BLOCKS

Construction, as we know has come a long way thanks to the technological advancements giving us an upper edge to reinvent many construction materials. These upgrades have provided better strength and rigidity to the materials prolonging their age. 

One such advancement is Hollow Concrete Blocks. These have been inspired by the idea of providing heat and electrical insulation in buildings. As the name suggests, their core element is concrete and they are hollowed out from the middle. 

These blocks are available in the following sizes:

• 39 X 19 X 30 cm ( standard size )
• 39 X 19 X 20 cm
• 39 X 19 X 10 cm 

Apart from imparting insulation, their smaller size and hollow middle allow more room space. Furthermore, the blocks are pre-cast, making their surface smooth and removing the need for plastering. 

In order to use these blocks in construction, the overall length and height of the wall are fixed accordingly so that a single block is used.

Hollow blocks are replacing the traditional use of bricks and stones, hence proving to be economic. 

TYPES OF LIME

 Lime and its types

Lime:- Lime is a versatile material that is commonly utilized in building construction. Lime is produced from the calcination of its ore which is limestone. Calcination is the process in which limestone is heated up to redness, causing the loss of carbon dioxide and moisture from it and resulting in the creation of lime. Lime which is produced from relatively pure limestone is called Quick lime. 

Types of Lime:- There are three types of lime used in construction i.e. 

1.  White/ pure/ fat/ rich lime:- This lime is made from moderately pure limestone having percentage purity 90-95% and clay concentration 5-10%. This is termed as Pure Lime. This lime possesses high plasticity and moderate setting time, hence is generally used in work where strength is not required.
2. Water/ hydraulic lime:- This lime is made from impure limestone having percentage purity 70-85% and clay concentration 15-30%. This form of lime does not show slaking and sets rapidly, hence is generally used for those works where strength is required.
3. Impure/ poor lime:- This lime is made from moderately impure limestone possessing high percentage of impurity and clay concentration greater than 30%. This form of lime does not slake, hardens slowly, therefore it is generally used for inferior construction like brick walls.